although i do believe the Mavic site and their 1975 into date of the module 'e' i have found one of the sites from which i had gotten the 1983 date, here is what is said on http://www.ebykr.com :
1983 ushered in a major advancement in tire/wheel design, piloted by Mavic and Michelin. Mavic designed the first double-hook rim, which allowed use of Michelin's Elan tire; the combination made mounting and dismounting tires much easier, sending the old method of glued, tubular tires into the realm of racing's high-end or old-school connoisseur's favorite "I remember when" stories. The hook-type rims not only made changing tires and tubes extremely easier, but it also eliminated the risk of accidents by faulty gluing jobs or tires simply loosening from the rim. For recreational riders and racers alike, this advancement was revolutionary, convenient, and time-saving.
terry farrant vancouver island, B.C.
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